Njengomthombo wamandla we-hydraulic olula futhi olula, iphampu ye-hydraulic yesandla enomfutho ophezulu isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nemboni yokwakha imikhumbi, imishini yokumba amalahle, amakhemikhali kaphethiloli, i-metallurgy, amandla kagesi kanye nemishini esindayo. Futhi ngosayizi wayo omncane, isisindo esilula, okulula ukuyiphatha, ukuphepha okuqinile nezinye izinzuzo zamukelwa iningi labasebenzisi.
Iphampu ye-hydraulic yesandla eqhutshwa ngesandla enomfutho ophezulu kakhulu, ingcindezi yokusebenza ingu-100~300MPa; kukhona ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi ngaphakathi, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugcwala kwengcindezi, kukhona nevalvu yokusiza ukuphepha ephampuni; umklamo wokugeleza kwesibili, ukufuduka komfutho ophansi oyinhloko kungu-33CC, okwesibili Ukufuduka komfutho ophakeme kungu-1.6CC; ngaphansi kwesimo samandla angaguquki, ukuphakelwa kukawoyela omkhulu oqhutshwa ngomfutho ophansi, ukuphakelwa kukawoyela omncane oqhutshwa ngomfutho ophezulu, ukonga isikhathi kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. Usayizi ophelele ungu-585*120*170mm, kanti isisindo esiphelele samafutha singaba ngu-11Kg. Ukusetshenziswa kukhombisa ukuthi le phampu ilula futhi iyaguquguquka, inamandla aphansi okusebenza, ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi ingumthombo wamandla we-hydraulic oqhutshwa ngomfutho ophezulu kakhulu.
Isimiso
Umsebenzi wephampu ye-hydraulic esetshenziswa ngesandla ukuguqula amandla omshini womshini wamandla (njengemoto kagesi kanye nenjini yokushisa yangaphakathi) abe amandla okucindezela koketshezi.
Umgomo Wokusebenza: I-cam iqhutshwa yinjini ukuze ijikeleze. Lapho i-cam isunduza i-plunger ukuze iye phezulu, ivolumu yokuvala eyakhiwe yi-plunger kanye nesilinda iyancishiswa, bese uwoyela ukhishwa kuvolumu yokuvala bese ukhishwa uye endaweni edingekayo nge-valve yendlela eyodwa. Lapho i-cam ijikeleza engxenyeni eyehlayo yejika, intwasahlobo iphoqa i-plunger ukuthi iye phansi ukuze yakhe izinga elithile le-vacuum, bese uwoyela osethangini ungena kuvolumu yokuvala ngaphansi kwesenzo somfutho womoya. I-cam yenza i-plunger ikhuphuke futhi iwe njalo, ivolumu yokuvala iyancipha futhi iyanda njalo, futhi ipompo iyaqhubeka nokumunca futhi ikhiphe uwoyela.
Iphrofayela Ekhona
Amaphampu e-hydraulic asetshenziswa ngesandla akhona emakethe ngokuvamile angamaphampu e-plunger, anesimo sesigaba esisodwa kanye nesigaba esiphindwe kabili. Wonke ama-valve awo avame ukugxila kuphampu ye-plunger, futhi isakhiwo sincane kakhulu; i-valve ebuyela emuva kanye nephampu ye-plunger zihlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili ezizimele, kodwa zingasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa. Isakhiwo sephampu ye-plunger yesigaba esisodwa silula kakhulu, futhi isimiso saso siboniswe kuMfanekiso 1; iphampu ye-plunger yesigaba ezimbili inesimo sesakhiwo esihlukene kabili, futhi isimiso sayo siboniswe kuMfanekiso 2 kanye noMfanekiso 3.
Uma isibambo 4 siphakanyisiwe, uwoyela we-hydraulic ungena ekamelweni elingezansi le-plunger 3 ngesihlungi 1 kanye ne-valve yendlela eyodwa 2, bese iphampu ye-hydraulic imunca uwoyela; lapho isibambo 4 sihamba phansi, i-plunger 3 inikeza uwoyela ohlelweni. I-valve 5 iyi-valve yokuphepha, kanti i-valve 6 iyi-valve yokukhulula. Iphampu yesigaba esisodwa iwukunikezwa kukawoyela ocindezelwe ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi ukufuduka akukwazi ukulungiswa. Kungaba ukugeleza okukhulu okuphansi noma ukugeleza okuncane okucindezelwe kakhulu; ngokuvamile amaphampu okucindezela aphansi naphakathi.
Isingeniso kumgomo wephampu ye-plunger enezigaba ezimbili
Isithombe 2 siwumdwebo odwetshiwe wephampu yesandla yohlobo lwe-I enezigaba ezimbili. Phakamisa isibambo 5, bese uwoyela we-hydraulic ungena ezimbotsheni ezinkulu nezincane ze-plunger ngesihlungi 1, ama-valve okuhlola 2 no-3 ngokulandelana. Lapho isibambo 5 sicindezelwe, kunezimo ezimbili: lapho uhlelo lunomfutho ophansi, ama-valve okuhlola 4, 7, no-8 ayavulwa, bese amaphampu amabili ahlinzeka ngowoyela ohlelweni ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi izinga lokugeleza lilikhulu kunawo wonke; lapho uhlelo lunomfutho ophakeme, i-valve yokulandelana 9 iyavulwa (i-valve yokulandelana isethiwe. Umfutho oqhubekayo ngokuvamile uyi-1 MPa), i-valve yokuhlola 8 ivaliwe, uwoyela ophansi wephampu enkulu ubuyiselwa ngqo ethangini likawoyela, kanti iphampu encane yodwa inikeza uwoyela ohlelweni ngokugeleza okuncane. I-valve 10 iyi-valve yokucindezela engaguquki, kanti i-valve 11 iyi-valve yokukhulula. Iphampu yesandla yohlobo lwe-I enezigaba ezimbili inikeza ukunikezwa kukawoyela okucindezelayo okuphansi, ukugeleza okukhulu, umfutho ophakeme, ukugeleza okuncane, kanye nokugeleza okungahleliwe.
Isithombe 3 siwumdwebo ochazayo wephampu yesandla yohlobo lwesigaba II esinezigaba ezimbili, ivalvu 11 iyivalvu yokucindezela engaguquki, kanti ivalvu 12 iyivalvu yokukhulula. Endaweni yokucindezela okuphansi, lapho isibambo 1 sinyuka, uwoyela unikezwa emakamelweni kawoyela aphansi amaphampu 2 no-3, kanti uwoyela unikezwa ekamelweni eliphezulu lephampu 2. Lapho isibambo 1 sihamba phansi, umgodi ophezulu wephampu 2 ungena uwoyela, kanti imigodi engezansi yamaphampu 2 no-3 ihlinzeka ngowoyela ohlelweni; endaweni yokucindezela okuphansi, iphampu ingahlinzeka ngowoyela njalo ohlelweni. Lapho ingena endaweni yokucindezela okuphezulu, umfutho wohlelo uyakhuphuka, futhi ivalvu yokubuyisela emuva yokulawula i-hydraulic 10 isebenza endaweni efanele, ukuze isekethe kawoyela eyakhiwe yiphampu 2 namavalvu okuhlola 4, 5, 6, no-7 ikhululwe, futhi iphampu 3 namavalvu okuhlola 8 no-9 akhululwe. Isekethe kawoyela ehlanganisiwe inikeza uwoyela ohlelweni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwesigaba I olunezigaba ezimbili, iphampu yesandla yohlobo II olunezigaba ezimbili ingafinyelela ukuhlinzekwa kukawoyela okuqhubekayo, ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle futhi yonge isikhathi, kodwa futhi iwukunikezwa kukawoyela okunomfutho ophansi, ukugeleza okukhulu, umfutho ophezulu, nokugeleza okuncane.
Ukulungisa
1. Thola imbangela yokwehluleka kwale migomo emithathu elandelayo ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, bese uthuthukisa uhlelo:
1. Hlola ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwesilinda se-boom:
Indlela elula yokwenza lokhu ukuphakamisa i-boom bese ubona ukuthi ingabe ine-free fall ebonakalayo. Uma i-drop isobala, qaqa isilinda samafutha ukuze uyihlole. Uma kutholakala ukuthi indandatho yokuvala igugile, kufanele ishintshwe.
2. Hlola ivalvu yokulawula:
Hlanza kuqala ivalvu yokuphepha, hlola ukuthi ingaphakathi levalvu ligugile yini, uma ligugile, kufanele lishintshwe. Uma kungakabikho ushintsho ngemva kokufakwa kwevalvu yokuphepha, hlola futhi ukugugile kwe-valvu yokulawula.
3. Kala ingcindezi yephampu ye-hydraulic:
Uma ingcindezi iphansi, yilungise, futhi ingcindezi ingakakwazi ukulungiswa, okubonisa ukuthi iphampu ye-hydraulic igugile kakhulu.
2. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokungakwazi ukuphakamisa i-boom ngomthwalo yilezi:
1. Iphampu ye-hydraulic igugile kakhulu. Uma isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwephampu kuba kubi kakhulu; uma isebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu, ingcindezi yephampu ikhuphuka kancane, kodwa ngenxa yokuguguleka nokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwephampu, ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu kwehla kakhulu, futhi kunzima ukufinyelela ingcindezi elinganisiwe. Ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kwephampu ye-hydraulic kwenza kube kubi ukuguguleka futhi izinga lokushisa likawoyela likhuphuke, okubangela ukuguguleka kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic kanye nokuguga nokulimala kwezivalo, ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokuvala, ukuwohloka kukawoyela we-hydraulic, futhi ekugcineni kwenzeka ukwehluleka.
2. Ukukhethwa kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic akunangqondo. Imininingwane yesilinda se-boom inguchungechunge olungejwayelekile olungama-70/40, kanti izivalo nazo ziyizingxenye ezingejwayelekile, ngakho-ke izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu futhi ukushintshwa kwezivalo akulungile. Ububanzi besilinda esincane sesilinda se-boom buzokwandisa ingcindezi esethiwe yesistimu.
3. Umklamo wohlelo lwe-hydraulic awunangqondo. Kungabonakala kuMfanekiso 2 ukuthi i-valve yokulawula kanye negiya lokuqondisa eligcwele le-hydraulic kuxhunywe ngokulandelana ngephampu eyodwa, ingcindezi esethiwe ye-valve yokuphepha ingu-16MPa, kanti ingcindezi yokusebenza elinganisiwe yephampu ye-hydraulic nayo ingu-16MPa. Amaphampu e-hydraulic avame ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zomthwalo ogcwele noma zokugcwala isikhathi eside (umfutho ophezulu), futhi uhlelo lunezishaqiso ze-hydraulic. Uma uwoyela ungashintshwa isikhathi eside, uwoyela we-hydraulic ungcolisiwe, okwenza kube nzima ukuguguleka kwephampu ye-hydraulic, ukuze isikhwama sephampu yephampu ye-hydraulic siqhume.
Ukuthuthukiswa Komkhiqizo
1. Thuthukisa ukwakheka kohlelo lwe-hydraulic.
Ngemva kwemiboniso eminingi, i-valve esezingeni eliphezulu kanye negiya lokuqondisa eligcwele amanzi agelezayo elizwa umthwalo ekugcineni liyasetshenziswa. Uhlelo olusha lunganikeza kuqala ukwabela ukugeleza kwalo ngokwezidingo zokuqondisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthwalo ungakanani noma ijubane lesiteringi, lungaqinisekisa ukutholakala kukawoyela okwanele, futhi ingxenye esele ingaqinisekiswa. Inganikezwa ngokugcwele kwisekethe yedivayisi esebenzayo, ngaleyo ndlela isuse ukulahleka kwamandla okubangelwa ukutholakala kukawoyela ngokweqile kwisekethe yokuqondisa, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kohlelo futhi kuncishiswe ingcindezi yokusebenza kwephampu ye-hydraulic.
2. Lungiselela ukwakheka kwesilinda se-boom kanye nephampu ye-hydraulic ukuze unciphise ingcindezi yokusebenza kwesistimu.
Ngokusebenzisa ukubala okulungiselelwe, isilinda se-boom sisebenzisa uchungechunge olujwayelekile olungu-80/4. Ukufuduka kwephampu ye-hydraulic kukhushulwa kusuka ku-10ml/r kuya ku-14ml/r, kanti ingcindezi esethiwe yesistimu ingu-14MPa, ehlangabezana nezidingo zamandla okuphakamisa kanye nesivinini sesilinda se-boom.
3. Naka ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa okufanele kwesithwali ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, engeza noma ushintshe uwoyela we-hydraulic njalo, gcina ukuhlanzeka kwawoyela we-hydraulic, futhi uqinise ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa kwansuku zonke.
Ububanzi besicelo
Amandla kagesi, izitimela, ukutakula, ukwakhiwa kanye nezinye izimboni zisebenza ezindaweni zokwakha zasensimini, zihlinzeka ngamandla emishini yokwakha efana nezisiki, izipikha ze-hydraulic, imishini yokubhoboza, njll.
Ukuhlolwa okuqinile nokuqhuma kwezinto zokufaka, amapayipi, amavalvu, imithambo yokucindezela, amasilinda, njll.
Ukulinganiswa kwevalvu yokuphepha yokuhlola okuqinile nokunamandla ngemva kokulungiswa kwezesekeli zezindiza
Ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza emanzini kwama-valve namadivayisi e-wellhead
Ukuhlolwa komlawuli wokucindezela komoya
Ukuhlolwa kwesistimu yamabhuleki ezimoto
Imishini yokungenisa umoya yekhebula lokuxhumana
Intengo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili, zasekhaya nezakwamanye amazwe. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe, intengo yalo mkhiqizo eShayina iphansi kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-15-2022